AccountingQA Latest Questions

Ayushi
AyushiCurious
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  2. AbhishekBatabyal Helpful Pursuing CA, BCOM (HONS)
    This answer was edited.

    Tally ERP does not have a voucher for recording closing stock journal entries. It automatically calculates closing stock and reports it in the Profit and Loss account and Balance sheet. However, Tally do have vouchers through which you can adjust the closing stock to be shown at the end of the year.Read more

    Tally ERP does not have a voucher for recording closing stock journal entries. It automatically calculates closing stock and reports it in the Profit and Loss account and Balance sheet.

    However, Tally do have vouchers through which you can adjust the closing stock to be shown at the end of the year.

    Explanation

    Tally, as we know is an ERP which can automate many aspects of accounting like calculation of ledger balance, creation of trial balance, financial statements and other reports. Only the data entry in vouchers is done manually.

    Tally also calculates closing stock automatically because it already has the required data to do so.

    Closing stock = Opening stock + Purchase – Cost of goods sold.

    Using the above formula, Tally automatically calculates the closing stock.

    But it may happen that the closing stock as per Tally and closing stock as per physical verification of stock do not match.

    This may be due to damaged caused to some items of inventory or even theft of inventory items which is usually discovered when stock is physically checked and counted at the end of the financial year.

    In that case, we can use the Physical Stock voucher to correct our closing stock in Tally.

    Physical Stock Voucher

    A physical Stock voucher is an inventory voucher which is used to adjust the amount of closing stock as per the physical stock verified at the end of the year.

    Suppose, if the closing stock for Bricks is 500pcs. Like in my stock summary, the item ‘Bricks’ is shown in the image below:

    But after physical verification, it was found that there around there are only 450pcs of whole bricks are there. The rest of the bricks were broken.

    To rectify this, we will open a Physical Stock voucher.

    The steps to open a Physical stock voucher are as follows:

    In Tally ERP 9 : Gateway of Tally → Accounting Vouchers → Press Alt + F10 

    In the physical stock voucher, we will select the stock item and enter the correct quantity, which is 450pcs. 

    After entering the details above, accept the voucher and open the stock summary again from Gateway of Tally. It will show the Bricks at 450pcs.

    Hence, this is how we can adjust our closing stock in Tally.

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Aadil
AadilCurious
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  2. Ayushi Curious Pursuing CA
    This answer was edited.

    In Tally, it is possible to record credit sales entry in the following accounting vouchers: Sales Voucher  Journal Voucher Generally, sale entries whether credit sales or cash sales are recorded in the Sales vouchers. Also, I strongly recommend you to record sales entries in the Sales voucher only aRead more

    In Tally, it is possible to record credit sales entry in the following accounting vouchers:

    • Sales Voucher 
    • Journal Voucher

    Generally, sale entries whether credit sales or cash sales are recorded in the Sales vouchers. Also, I strongly recommend you to record sales entries in the Sales voucher only as it can record various aspects related to credit sales like the sales order number, delivery note number, particulars of creditor and much more.

    In this answer, I have shown the steps to record a credit sales entry into the Sale voucher. My answer is based on Tally Prime, the latest version of Tally. If you are using Tally ERP 9, there will be only a few areas of differences which are not that significant. 

    Steps to record credit sales in Sales voucher

    To record credit sales entry, you have to first open the Sales voucher creation window. To open the Sales creation window, the steps are as follows:

    Gateway of Tally → Voucher → Press F8 

    The Sales voucher creation window will open and will look like this:

    Now, there are three modes to the sales voucher which you can be accessed and changed from the ‘Change mode’ option in the right-hand side menu or by simply pressing Ctrl + H. Upon pressing Ctrl  + H, the Change mode option will open.

    I will recommend you to use ‘Item Invoice’ mode. It looks like an invoice and it is easier to use and understand. The image of the sale voucher given is in the item invoice only.

    Now to have to fill in the following details:

    • Reference number of the sale entry if there is any
    • Select the Party name or the name of the debtor (Press ALT + C if you want to create a new debtor)
    • The dispatch details menu will open. Enter the details if you want otherwise leave them blank.
    • The party details menu will open asking again for the party name and party’s other details.
    • Select the name of the item to be sold (Create stock item if not created before by pressing Alt + C when in Name of Item field)
    • Enter the quantity and rate of the item and the total amount will be auto-populated.
    • After it, the accounting details menu will open where you have selected the sales account you want to credit. If a sales account is not created, press ALT + C to create it.
    • Enter narration if you desire and finally accept the voucher.

    This is a completed sales voucher:

    Hence, this is how you have recorded a credit sales entry in the sales voucher.

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Anushka Lalwani
Anushka Lalwani
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  2. Ayushi Curious Pursuing CA
    This answer was edited.

    Changing a Ledger name in Tally is an easy process. The requirement of changing the name of a ledger may arise in three situations: Situation 1: When we need to change a ledger's name, right after its creation while being in the ledger creation menu Situation 2: When we realize the need to change aRead more

    Changing a Ledger name in Tally is an easy process. The requirement of changing the name of a ledger may arise in three situations:

    • Situation 1: When we need to change a ledger’s name, right after its creation while being in the ledger creation menu
    • Situation 2: When we realize the need to change a ledger’s name during passing an entry in any voucher.
    • Situation 3: Other situations where we are not on the Voucher Creation window or ledger creation window.

     

    In Tally, there are plenty of shortcut keys that can ease the way we work on it. My methods will be based on such shortcuts on Tally ERP 9.0.

    Situation 1

     Often just after ledger creation, we realize that we have made mistake in entering the name of the ledger.

     Many opt to choose this long path to alter the ledger’s name.

    Exiting Voucher creation menu → Gateway of Tally menu → Accounts Info → Ledger option → Alter option → Select the ledger → Ledger alteration window opens.

    Instead of it, you can choose to use Page Up key while on the ledger creation window. Press the Page-up key till you reach that ledger. Then you can edit its name or any other details.

    Pressing the page up key automatically opens the ledger alteration mode and lets the user scroll through the ledgers available.

    The ledger alteration window looks like this:

    Situation 2

     Sometimes, while performing entries into vouchers, we feel the need to alter a ledger’s name.

    This can be done by pressing Ctrl + Enter key with the cursor on the ledger’s name in the voucher creation menu.

    On pressing Ctrl + Enter Key, the ledger alteration window will open, from where the user can alter the ledger name or any other details.

    Situation 3

    When the user is not either on the voucher creation menu or on the ledger creation menu, then the ledger’s name has to be altered by going through the following steps:

    Gateway of Tally menu → Accounts Info → Ledger option → Alter option → Select the required ledger → ledger alteration window opens.

    That’s it. These are different approaches to changing a ledger’s name.

    One thing that is common among all approaches is the opening of the Ledger alteration window at the end. Hence, it is only through the Ledger alteration window we can change a ledger’s details including its name.

     

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Anushka Lalwani
Anushka Lalwani
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  2. Ayushi Curious Pursuing CA
    This answer was edited.

    Introduction In Tally, journal entries are made in the vouchers. For each type of journal entry, there is a specific voucher. It is the vouchers where the transactions are recorded along with all the relevant details. Hence, when we speak of journal entries in tally, it is the vouchers which we haveRead more

    Introduction

    In Tally, journal entries are made in the vouchers. For each type of journal entry, there is a specific voucher. It is the vouchers where the transactions are recorded along with all the relevant details. Hence, when we speak of journal entries in tally, it is the vouchers which we have to master.

    In Tally, vouchers are of four types:

    1. Accounting vouchers
    2. Inventory vouchers
    3. Order voucher
    4. Payroll voucher

    The vouchers under the above voucher types are as shown below:

    To open the voucher creation menu follow these steps:

    In Tally ERP 9: Gateway of Tally→ Accounting Vouchers→ Voucher creation menu will open

    In Tally Prime: Gateway of Tally→ Vouchers→ Voucher creation menu will open

    Out of the above vouchers, the vouchers which I would suggest you practice are as follows (along with their short-cut keys):

    1. Contra Voucher – F4
    2. Payment Voucher – F5
    3. Receipt Voucher – F6
    4. Journal Voucher – F7
    5. Sales Voucher – F8
    6. Purchase Voucher – F9
    7. Credit note – Alt + F6
    8. Debit note – Alt + F5

     

    All of the above are accounting vouchers. You can simply press the short-cut keys to open the respective voucher while in the voucher creation menu

    If you are new to tally, I would suggest you practice only the accounting vouchers.

    Here, I have discussed only the accounting vouchers:

    Payment Voucher – F5

    A payment voucher is used to record payments of cash or by the bank. Payment can be to creditors or for expenses.

    There are two modes to this voucher which you can change by clicking the ‘Change Mode’ option on the right-hand side menu or simply pressing Ctrl + H. This menu will open.

    Select the ‘Double Entry’ mode for sake of simplicity. In this mode, the entry will be just like the conventional journal entry as in the double entry system of accounting.

    You have to just select the account you want debit which can be an expense, creditor etc. and you can credit only the cash or bank accounts as it is a payment voucher. Below there is a narration field which you can fill too. After entering all the necessary details you have to accept the voucher.

    Here, is a filled payment voucher in which I have recorded an expense payment entry.

     

     The journal entries which you can practice on payment vouchers are as follows:

    • Payment of expenses like rent, electricity, wages, salaries, carriage, interest etc
    • Payment to trade creditors.
    • Purchase of Assets

     

    Receipt Voucher – F6

    A receipt voucher is used for the recorded receipt of cash in the business. Just like a payment voucher, I recommend you to use it in Double Entry mode. In Tally prime, it looks this:

     

    The receipt voucher given above is already filled. I have passed a ‘collection from the debtor’ entry here. 

    The journal entries you can practice in the receipt voucher are as follows:

    • Receipt of cash from trade debtors.
    • Receipt of interest from the bank.
    • Commission received
    • Sale of Assets.

    Purchase Voucher – F7

    A purchase voucher is a voucher for exclusively recording purchase of goods entries. Purchase whether cash or credit should be recorded in the purchase voucher only as it allows recording of additional details related to purchase as well as tracking with purchase order and receipt note.

    The purchase voucher looks like this:

    Here, the purchase voucher is opened in ‘Item invoice’ mode. Item invoice is easier to understand hence I advise you to this mode to use the purchase voucher. You can change the mode by pressing Ctrl + H.

    If you wish to record transactions like journal entries then you can choose the ‘As Voucher’ mode.

    The details which you have to fill in are as follows:

    • Reference number or Bill number
    • Party A/c Name or the name of the creditor. (If the creditor is not created, press Alt + C to create)
    • Name of item purchased ( Press Alt + C to create the stock item if not created)
    • Enter the quantity and rate of the item and the total amount will be auto-populated.
    • The accounting details menu will open asking for the account to be debited for the purchase. Select the purchase account you want to debit or create a purchase account by pressing Alt + C if not created.

    • Enter a narration if you want and accept the voucher.

    Below is a complete purchase voucher where a credit sale transaction is passed:

    Sales Voucher – F8

    A sales voucher is a voucher for exclusively recording sales of goods entries. Sales, whether cash or credit, should be recorded in the sales voucher only as it allows recording of additional details related to sales as well as tracking with Sales orders and Delivery notes.

    Here also, I recommend you to use the sales voucher in Invoice mode

    Filling up of details in sales voucher is same as in purchase voucher. The difference here is that in the ‘Accounting details’ section you have selected a sales account to be credited.

    Here is a completed sales voucher where I have recorded a credit sale transaction:

    Contra Voucher – F4

    A Contra voucher is used to record contra transactions. Contra transactions are those transactions which take place between:

    • A Bank account and cash account
    • Two different bank accounts 

    The journal entries which can be practised on contra voucher are as follows:

    1. Withdrawal of cash from the bank.
    2. Deposit from cash into the bank.
    3. Transfer of amount from one bank to another.

    Given below is a completed Contra voucher in which ‘cash deposited into bank’ transaction is recorded:

    Journal Voucher – F7

    There are many transactions which cannot be passed in any of the vouchers discussed above. The examples of such transactions or journal entries are as follows:

    1. Depreciation of assets
    2. Entries related to the provision
    3. Prepaid Expenses
    4. Outstanding expenses
    5. Rectification of error entries
    6. Accrued income entries
    7. Any other entry which cannot be passed in any other voucher.

    It is an important voucher in Tally as many crucial entries are recorded in it.
    The journal voucher looks like this:

    It looks like a journal book and it does not have any different mode like voucher discussed above:

    The journal entries to practice on journal vouchers are many. You can refer to the examples of transactions I have mentioned above.

     

    Debit Note Voucher – Alt + F5

    A debit note voucher is to record purchase return transactions in Tally. Hence, the only transaction you can record here is of purchase return. The debit note voucher looks like this:

     

    Credit Note Voucher– Alt + F5

    In credit note vouchers, the sale return transactions are recorded. The credit note voucher looks like this:

    That’s all.  These are vouchers I would recommend one to practice on Tally.

     

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Bonnie
BonnieCurious
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  2. AbhishekBatabyal Helpful Pursuing CA, BCOM (HONS)

    Credit Note A credit note is a document which generally evidences a sales return. It is created by the seller and sent to the buyer acknowledging the receipt of goods returned by the buyer. On the basis of it, the seller promises to pay back the buyer for the goods returned to him or adjust the amouRead more

    Credit Note

    A credit note is a document which generally evidences a sales return. It is created by the seller and sent to the buyer acknowledging the receipt of goods returned by the buyer. On the basis of it, the seller promises to pay back the buyer for the goods returned to him or adjust the amount in future transactions.

    A credit note is also created when the buyer has sent excess money by mistake against the goods delivered to him.

    In Tally, a credit note is created using a credit note voucher. Now, a credit note can only be created only if a sales entry has been made.

    Hence first, we will be creating a sales entry and then the credit note.

     Creation of sales entry in sales voucher ( If not done before)

    The step to create a sale entry in Tally prime is as follows:

    Gateway of Tally –> Vouchers –> Press F8 to open sales voucher

    Enter the details of sales in the sales voucher like I have entered in my sale voucher and accept.

    Here, my debtor is Rama and I have sold 1000pcs of Linc pens@Rs. 10 to him

    Important things to consider:

    • If no ledger accounts, stock items and stock units are created in your company, you can easily create them while in the voucher creation menu itself. Just press Alt + C  in the field where you need to enter party name, stock item name or stock unit name and the respective creation menus will open.
    • After entering the item details, a new menu will open which will ask for which account to be credited for the sale entry. As we know, a sales account is credited, so you have select the sales account from the menu or simply create a Sales account if not created by pressing Alt + C. Below is that menu:

    #2 Creation of credit note

    If already in the voucher creation menu, just press Alt + F6 to open the credit note voucher.

    Enter the party name and a menu will open, asking for a tracking number.  No need to enter any details there.

    Next, another menu will open asking for party details. Select the name of the respective debtor.

    Next enter the details of stock items returned as I have done:

    I have made a credit note for 100pcs of Linc pens returned by Rama.

    After entering all the details, press Enter and accept.

    You can verify the effect of this sales voucher by performing the following steps.

    Gateway of Tally –> Display more reports –> Account Books –> Ledger –>Select the debtor account from the list of ledgers.

    After opening the ledger, if you see that the debtor account is credited by an amount through a credit note voucher, then it can be said that you have performed the steps correctly.

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Astha
AsthaLeader
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  2. AbhishekBatabyal Helpful Pursuing CA, BCOM (HONS)
    This answer was edited.

    Ledger is the book where the transaction related to a particular account is recorded. For example, the Sales ledger will only record the transactions related to sales. Ledgers in Tally also serve the same purpose. Posting in the ledger is automatically done when the transactions are entered in the vRead more

    Ledger is the book where the transaction related to a particular account is recorded. For example, the Sales ledger will only record the transactions related to sales.

    Ledgers in Tally also serve the same purpose. Posting in the ledger is automatically done when the transactions are entered in the vouchers.

    Now, if you want to delete a ledger, you can easily do by following some simple steps.

    I have shared the steps of deleting a ledger in Tally Prime and Tally ERP 9 both.

     

    Deleting a ledger in Tally Prime 

    To delete a ledger in Tally Prime, the steps are as follows:

    Gateway of Tally → Alter → Ledger → Click on the ledger you want to delete.

    Upon clicking the ledger, the ledger alteration menu will open.

    At the bottom, there is a ‘Delete’ option. Either click on it or simply press Alt + D and click on ‘Yes’. Your ledger will be deleted.

     

    Deleting a ledger in Tally ERP 9 

    To delete a ledger in Tally ERP 9, the steps are as follows:

    Gateway of Tally → Accounts Info → Ledger → Alter → Select the ledger you want to delete.

    Steps are almost similar in both versions of Tally. Little difference is there due to the different interfaces of the two versions.

    Just like Tally Prime, you can click on the ‘Delete’ option at the bottom or press Alt + D to delete the ledger.

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Astha
AsthaLeader
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  2. AbhishekBatabyal Helpful Pursuing CA, BCOM (HONS)
    This answer was edited.

    Deleting a company in Tally Prime Tally prime is the latest version of Tally ERP software. In its functionality, it is slightly different from its previous version Tally ERP 9.  Hence, the process of deleting a company in Tally Prime is different from that in Tally ERP 9. To delete a company in TallRead more

    Deleting a company in Tally Prime

    Tally prime is the latest version of Tally ERP software. In its functionality, it is slightly different from its previous version Tally ERP 9.  Hence, the process of deleting a company in Tally Prime is different from that in Tally ERP 9.

    To delete a company in Tally Prime, you need to be in the Gateway of Tally window which looks the following:

    On the right-hand side, there is a menu where is an option named ‘F3: Company’. You can either click on it or simply press F3.

    After clicking on the option, the Company menu where a list of names of the companies created in the Tally is there, along with some options above the company name list.

    You have to select the option named, ‘Shut Company’. After clicking the option, the screen will display a ‘Shut Company’ menu.

    From there, you have to select the company you want to delete. Like in the example given, I have selected the company named Rain Ltd.

    After selecting the name of the company you want to delete, a confirmation dialog box will appear.

    You have to click OK and the company will be shut down or deleted.

    In short, the steps to delete a company in Tally Prime are as follows:

    Gateway of Tally –> Press F3 –> Select ‘Shut Company’ option –> Select the name of the company –> Confirm and press OK

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Aadil
AadilCurious
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  2. AbhishekBatabyal Helpful Pursuing CA, BCOM (HONS)
    This answer was edited.

    GST stand for Goods and Services Tax which is levied on almost all the good and services supplied in India. Generally, a business is required to charge GST on all the goods and services supplied by it if its turnover is over the limit as prescribed by respective GST laws. We can also do accounting fRead more

    GST stand for Goods and Services Tax which is levied on almost all the good and services supplied in India. Generally, a business is required to charge GST on all the goods and services supplied by it if its turnover is over the limit as prescribed by respective GST laws.

    We can also do accounting for GST in Tally by enabling it from the company features.

    The steps to enable GST and perform GST accounting in Tally are as given below.

    Enabling GST in Tally

    GST can be enabled in Tally from the ‘Company features’ menu which opens just after the creation of a company. There is an option called ‘Enable Goods and Services Tax (GST)’. You have to enter ‘Yes’.

    If the company is already created and the GST was not enabled earlier, then just press F11 and select the company for which you want to enable GST. The ‘company features’ menu will open again, from there you have to enter ‘Yes’ beside the ‘Enable Goods and Services Tax (GST)’ option.

    In both cases, this menu will open:

     

    Do have look at the details I have filled in. You have to:

    • Select the State in which your business is.
    • Registration type is Regular in most cases.
    • Keep the ‘Assessee of another territory’ option at ‘No’, if your business operated from one state only.
    • Enter your 19-digit GST number.
    • Periodicity can be set to ‘Monthly’ or ‘Quarterly’ as per the turnover of the business. ‘Quarterly’ preferred.
    • Keep the E-way bill option at ‘No’ if the E-way bill is not required.
    • Keep the ‘Set/Alter GST rate details’ option at ‘No’ if you want to charge different goods at different GST rates. If GST rates are set up from here, it will be uniform for all goods and services.
    • Keep the rest of the options as shown in the above image.

    These settings are enough if you are to just practice GST in Tally.

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