Revaluation of Assets is an adjustment made in the carrying value of the fixed asset in case the company finds there is a difference between the current price and the market value of the asset. Generally, the value of the asset decreases due to depreciation but in some cases like inflation in the ecRead more
Revaluation of Assets is an adjustment made in the carrying value of the fixed asset in case the company finds there is a difference between the current price and the market value of the asset. Generally, the value of the asset decreases due to depreciation but in some cases like inflation in the economy, it may increase. so, in order to know the correct value of the asset Revaluation is to be done.
Accounting standard allows two models.
- Cost model
- Revaluation model
Under the cost model, the carrying value of fixed assets equals their historical cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses.
For Example, Amazon ltd purchased a Plant for 5,00,000 on January 1, 2010, with a useful life of 10 years, and uses straight-line depreciation.
Here, the journal entry would be passed as

As the useful life of the asset is 20 years, so the yearly depreciation would be
5,00,000/10 i.e. 50,000.
So the accumulated depreciation at the end of December 31, 2012, would be 50,000×2= 1,00,000 and
the carrying amount would be 5,00,000-1,00,000= 4,00,000.
Under the Revaluation method, the assets are revalued at their current market value. If there is an increase in the value of an asset, the difference between the asset’s market value and current book value is recorded as a revaluation surplus.

For Example, Amazon ltd purchased an asset two years ago at a cost of 2,00,000. Depreciation @ 10% under straight-line method.
Therefore, the accumulated depreciation for two years would be 40,000,
i.e. 20,000 for a year.
Carrying cost of the asset = 1,60,000
Assuming, the company revalues its assets and finds that the worth of assets is 1,85,000.
Under this method, the company needs to record 25,000 as a surplus.
Accounting entry for the above will be

Depreciation calculated during the third year would be based on the new carrying value of 1,60,000.
Therefore, Depreciation for the 3rd year= 1,60,000/3
= 53,333.33
Accounting entry:

Alternatively, the incremental depreciation due to the revaluation i.e. 13,333.33 can be charged to the revaluation surplus account.
In case, if there is a revaluation loss, the entries would be interchanged.
In case of admission of a partner, the new partner may not agree with the value of assets as stated in the balance sheet, with time the values may have arisen or may have fallen, so in order to bring them to their correct values revaluation is done so that the new partner doesn’t suffer.
Where the assets and liabilities are to be shown in the books at the revised (new) values after the admission of the new partner.
The accounting entries are
- For Increase in the value of an asset

2. For a decrease in the value of an asset

3. For transfer of profit on revaluation i.e. if the total of credit side exceeds the debit side.

4. For transfer of loss on revaluation i.e. if the total of debit side exceeds the credit side.

Note: If the total of both sides is equal it signifies that there is no profit or loss on the revaluation of assets. Hence no entry is to be passed.
After preparing for the journal entry, a revaluation ledger account is also prepared wherein the accounts carrying a debit balance are transferred to the debit side and the accounts carrying a credit balance are transferred to the credit side.
In the case of retirement of a partner, the same journal entries are to be passed as in the case of Admission of a partner for revaluation of assets.
Generally, the value of an asset decreases with time but it may increase in certain circumstances especially in inflationary economies.
Conclusion
An entity should do the revaluation of its assets because revaluation provides the present value of assets owned by an entity and upward revaluation is beneficial for the entity and hence the company can charge more depreciation on upward revaluation and can get tax benefits.
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Debit Balance A debit accounting entry represents an increase in asset or expense account or a decrease in liabilities of an individual or enterprise. Debit balance is the amount in excess of debit entries over credit entries in the general ledger. The debit balance is shown as Dr. Credit Balance ARead more
Debit Balance
A debit accounting entry represents an increase in asset or expense account or a decrease in liabilities of an individual or enterprise.
Debit balance is the amount in excess of debit entries over credit entries in the general ledger. The debit balance is shown as Dr.
Credit Balance
A credit accounting entry represents a decrease in assets or an increase in liabilities or income accounts of an individual or enterprise.
The credit balance is the amount in excess of credit entries over debit entries in the general ledger. The credit balance is shown as Cr.
Credit Balance in the Passbook
A passbook is a record of a customer’s account transactions kept by the bank. The passbook is a copy of the bank account of the customer in the books of banks. “Credit balance in the passbook is also called bank balance”.
The bank balance is the amount available for withdrawal. A bank balance is an asset to the individual or an enterprise which can be used for the purchase of another asset or payment of liability or expenses.
All the transactions either debit or credit are recorded in the passbook. When the total amount of all credit entries in a passbook is more than the total of debit entries, it results in a credit balance. It means that the bank owes to an individual or enterprise.
The amount withdrawn by a customer from the bank is shown as a debit entry and the amount deposited by the customer is shown as a credit entry. The passbook’s credit balance is a positive or favourable balance while the passbook’s debit balance is a negative balance or unfavourable balance.
For example: An individual deposited $50,000 in a bank account and withdrew a total sum of $30,000. So here, the passbook will show a bank balance of $20,000 i.e. the credit balance of the passbook. It signifies the positive cash flow of the individual and that the bank owes $20,000 to the individual.
Debit balance in Pass Book
When the total amount of all debit entries in a passbook is more than the total of credit entries, it results in a debit balance. Debit balance in the passbook is also called “Overdraft”. It means that an individual or enterprise owes to the bank.
Reconciliation
It is the process of identifying and rectifying differences between the passbook and cashbook maintained by the bank and customer respectively. The aim is to ensure the accuracy of the transaction recorded in the cashbook and passbook.
Debit Balance Reconciliation
The debit balance in the cashbook and the credit balance in the passbook shows that some outstanding cheques are in the process of clearing and these cheques need to be adjusted for reconciliation of the balance of the passbook and cashbook.
Credit Balance Reconciliation
The credit balance in the cashbook and debit balance in the passbook shows that deposits already recorded in the cashbook are yet to be recorded in the passbook by the bank and these deposits need to be adjusted in the passbook for reconciliation of the balance of the passbook and cashbook.
Conclusion
The debit and credit balance of the passbook is the indicator of the financial position of an enterprise or individual. A credit balance signifies more deposits than withdrawals resulting in a positive bank balance.
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